夏季长江口浮游细菌和浮游病毒的分布特征及环境制约因素   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

刘晶晶  杜萍  曾江宁  陈全震  寿鹿  廖一波  江志兵  王琪 《海洋学研究》2011,(3):118-124

应用荧光显微直接计数法,研究了2006年夏季长江口及邻近海域浮游细菌、浮游病毒数量的分布特征,探讨了它们与环境因子之间的关系.结果表明:(1)浮游细菌数量为(6.92×105～5.54×106)个/mL,浮游病毒数量为(2.22×106～9.97×107)个/mL.浮游细菌和浮游病毒数量的平面分布特征较一致,均为近海过...  相似文献   

Taxonomic and genetic status of lancelet in Weihai coastal waters based on mitochondrial DNA sequence     

����  ף�� 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2011,29(3):623-632

Lancelets (subphylum Cephalochordata) are a transitional species between invertebrates and vertebrates. They are currently listed in the Second Order of Protected Animals in China. Lancelets were first documented in the waters around the city of Weihai (Shandong, China) in 2002. However, little is known about the phylogeny of this population. We analyzed the sequences of cytochrome b (Cyt b) and cytochrome oxidase c subunit I (CO I) genes from samples collected from coastal waters in the cities of Weihai and Qingdao (~150 km to the south). We analyzed 176 sequences, of which 150 were novel sequences and 26 were obtained from GenBank. Our results suggest that (1) lancelets in the two cities belong to the species Branchiostoma japonicus and have a high level of genetic diversity; (2) there is a high level of gene flow and low level of genetic differentiation between lancelets from the two cities; (3) demographic expansion occurred an estimated 1.1 million years (Ma) ago (mid Pleistocene) for lancelets in Weihai-Qingdao; and (4) the divergence between B. belcheri and B. japonicus was estimated at between 37.75 Ma (early Oligocene)-46.5 Ma (late Eocene).  相似文献   

Phaeocystis globosa Scherffel, a harmful microalga, and its production of dimethylsulfoniopropionate     

沈萍萍  齐雨藻  王艳  黄良民 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2011,29(4):869-873

The production of dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) and its cleavage products (DMS) are well studied in phytoplankton worldwide. However, less is known about their sources, distributions, and impacts in the coast of China. We examined the production of DMSP and DMS in Phaeocystis globosa Scherffel and other benthic macroalgae from the South China coast in relation to environmental conditions. P. globosa was a harmful marine microalgal species and its bloom took place in the eutrophic waters along the South China Sea frequently. It also produced high content of DMSP at different growth stages, with the highest concentration usually observed in the stationary period. Moreover, the production of DMSP in P. globosa was significantly affected by salinity and temperature with the highest contents associated with high salinity (e.g. 40) and low temperature (e.g. 20°C). In field benthic macroalgae, there was also a marked difference in the DMSP of various species or different samples of the same species. Chlorophyll a contents were also determined for each macroalgal species. The highest chlorophyll a (238.7 ng/g fresh weight) was recorded in Chlorophyta Ulva lactuca at Guishan Island (Zhuhai), while the lowest value (1.5 ng/g fresh weight) was found in Rhodophyta Gracilaria tenuistipitata in Zhanjiang. Further correlation analysis indicated that there was no significant relationship between the content of DMSP and chl-a in macroalgae samples (P > 0.05). All the results suggested that the production of DMSP in marine algae was not only species- and stage-related, but also greatly affected by various environmental factors.  相似文献   

刺参雌核发育二倍体的诱导及其早期生长发育     

聂鸿涛  李琪  于瑞海 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2011,41(9):31-35

紫外线照射使精子遗传物质失活,用细胞松弛素B(CB)处理受精卵抑制第二极体释放,诱导刺参(Apostichopusjaponicus)雌核发育二倍体。用强度为2561μW/(cm2.s)的紫外线(254 nm)照射不同时间的精子与正常卵子受精。结果发现随照射时间的增加,卵裂率、早期胚胎存活率和小耳幼虫发生率逐渐降低,照射30 s时小耳幼虫发生率降为0。受精后35 min,显微镜下观察到有20%~30%受精卵排出第1极体时,用浓度0.5μg/mL的CB持续处理受精卵20 min,诱导出刺参第二极体抑制型雌核发育二倍体,雌核发育二倍体发育速度低于正常二倍体。微卫星分析表明,雌核发育二倍体诱导成功率为93.3%。  相似文献   

图形化的地学耦合建模环境与原型系统设计     

张子民  周英  李琦  毛曦 《地球信息科学学报》2011,13(1):48-57

耦合建模是近年来地学研究使用的重要方法.建模框架是应用较多的一类地学耦合建模环境.由于要求研究者完成耦合模型的程序编码,在一定程度上降低了它的可用性,同时也带给使用者更多的负担.本文以建模框架ESMF作为基础,对构建完全图形化的地学耦合建模环境中的问题和解决方法进行探讨.主要包括:根据确定的耦合模式及其隐含的模型调用和...  相似文献   

黄河源区高寒草地-大气间水热交换通量特征          下载免费PDF全文

罗琪  张廷龙  李振朝  李照国 《气象与减灾研究》2022,45(3):207-215

利用黄河源区玛曲观测站2016年涡动相关系统和微气象梯度塔观测资料,分析了高寒草地 大气间水热交换通量的特征。结果表明：夜间地表各通量值很小,净辐射和感热通量为负值,潜热通量的值较小但始终为正。日出后随着太阳辐射和地表加热作用各通量迅速增大,在14时左右达到峰值。暖季（6—8月）夜间感热通量占净辐射的比例(H/Rn)高于感潜通量占净辐射的比例(LE/Rn),日出后LE/Rn开始升高而H/Rn减小,日间LE/Rn大于H/Rn。冷季（12月—次年2月）H/Rn始终大于LE/Rn,感热通量在冷季的能量分配中占据主导地位。暖季LE/Rn、H/Rn均随土壤温度升高而升高。冷季H/Rn与5 cm深度土壤温度表现出了更为明显的二次关系,随着温度升高先降低后升高,当温度小于-7 ℃时H/Rn降低,大于-6 ℃时H/Rn增大。暖季H/Rn随着土壤湿度增大先降低后升高,LE/Rn先升高后降低。在0—1.5 kPa,暖季饱和水汽压差与LE/Rn、H/Rn均呈线性关系,并随着饱和水汽压差增大,LE/Rn增大而H/Rn减小;1.5 kPa之后,LE/Rn、H/Rn变化特征均保持其原有趋势。  相似文献   

气候变化对江西省主要室外空气计算参数的影响          下载免费PDF全文

陈琦  章毅之  姚琳 《气象与减灾研究》2023,46(2):131-140

利用江西83个地面气象站1963—2022年逐日平均气温和14时气温数据,计算每10 a滑动平均采暖室外计算温度、夏季空气调节室外计算日平均温度、冬季通风室外计算温度和夏季通风室外计算温度,分析江西省气候变化及其对室外空气计算参数的影响。结果表明：江西省年平均气温呈明显上升趋势,其中赣北地区上升幅度大于赣南、赣中南部,冬季平均气温增加趋势（0.31℃/（10 a））大于夏季（0.14 ℃/（10 a））,冬季平均气温在1997年发生显著突变,之后冬季平均气温较多年平均值高0.6℃。气候变化背景下,室外空气计算参数变化明显,采暖室外计算温度、夏季空气调节计算温度和冬季通风室外计算温度呈升高趋势,夏季通风室外计算温度的变化趋势不明显。其中,冬季室外计算温度的上升幅度高于夏季,赣北地区的东部和中南部升高趋势较大。采暖室外计算温度升高,建筑的传热负荷设计值减小;夏季空气调节室外计算温度的升高使新风负荷增加,增加室内空气冷却能耗;冬季通风室外计算温度的升高有利于减小冬季通风负荷。  相似文献   

Re–Os isotopic ages of pyrite and chemical composition of magnetite from the Cihai magmatic–hydrothermal Fe deposit, NW China     

Xiao-Wen Huang  Mei-Fu Zhou  Liang Qi  Jian-Feng Gao  Yu-Wang Wang 《Mineralium Deposita》2013,48(8):925-946

The Eastern Tianshan Orogenic Belt of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt and the Beishan terrane of the Tarim Block, NW China, host numerous Fe deposits. The Cihai Fe deposit (>90 Mt at 45.6 % Fe) in the Beishan terrane is diabase-hosted and consists of the Cihai, Cinan, and Cixi ore clusters. Ore minerals are dominantly magnetite, pyrite, and pyrrhotite, with minor chalcopyrite, galena, and sphalerite. Gangue minerals include pyroxene, garnet, hornblende and minor plagioclase, biotite, chlorite, epidotite, quartz, and calcite. Pyrite from the Cihai and Cixi ore clusters has similar Re–Os isotope compositions, with ～14 to 62 ppb Re and ≤10?ppt common Os. Pyrrhotite has ～5 to 39 ppb Re and ～0.6 ppb common Os. Pyrite has a mean Re–Os model age of 262.3?±?5.6 Ma (n?=?13), in agreement with the isochron regression of ¹⁸⁷Os vs. ¹⁸⁷Re. The Re–Os age (～262 Ma) for the Cihai Fe deposit is within uncertainty in agreement with a previously reported Rb–Sr age (268?±?25 Ma) of the hosting diabase, indicating a genetic relationship between magmatism and mineralization. Magnetite from the Cihai deposit has Mg, Al, Ti, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Mn, Zn, Ga, and Sn more elevated than that of typical skarn deposits, but both V and Ti contents lower than that of magmatic Fe–Ti–V deposits. Magnetite from these two ore clusters at Cihai has slightly different trace element concentrations. Magnetite from the Cihai ore cluster has relatively constant trace element compositions. Some magnetite grains from the Cixi ore cluster have higher V, Ti, and Cr than those from the Cihai ore cluster. The compositional variations of magnetite between the ore clusters are possibly due to different formation temperatures. Combined with regional tectonic evolution of the Beishan terrane, the Re–Os age of pyrite and the composition of magnetite indicate that the Cihai Fe deposit may have derived from magmatic–hydrothermal fluids related to mafic magmatism, probably in an extensional rift environment.  相似文献   

塔里木盆地吐木休克构造带断裂构造分析   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

刘亚雷  杨海军  齐英敏  胡秀芳  王月然  李曰俊  王海燕  赵岩  张强  文磊 《地质科学》2013,(1):124-132

吐木休克断裂位于塔里木盆地西部,是一条大型基底卷入型断裂构造带,构成塔里木盆地次级构造单元阿瓦提凹陷和巴楚断隆的分界。根据系统的地震资料解释,可以将吐木休克断裂分为西段、中段和东段3部分,各段构造特征有所差异。西段,为单一的基底卷入型高角度逆冲断层,倾向巴楚断隆; 中段,除倾向巴楚断隆的主冲断层外,倾向相反的反冲断层越来越清晰,楔状冲断构造的轮廓逐渐显现出来。同时,在断层上盘还发育第四纪正断层; 东段,倾向巴楚断隆的主冲断层,向上断至中寒武统,未断开中寒武统以上的地层,其冲断位移量完全为倾向阿瓦提凹陷的反冲断层所吸收,形成典型的楔状冲断构造。根据地震资料解释,认为吐木休克断裂带主要存在两期断裂构造:深部高角度基底卷入型逆冲断裂带和其上叠加的浅部正断层。前者形成于库车组沉积前,在库车组沉积期间持续活动,并在新近纪晚期定型; 后者是本次研究首次发现的,形成于第四纪早中期,仅发育在吐木休克断裂带的中部。  相似文献   

A new type of human-made disaster from the frequent school bus accidents in China     

Zheng Zhaopei  Qi Shanzhong  Xu Yuetong 《Natural Hazards》2013,67(2):975-977

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